IP子网划分

具体理解：可参照百度词条  链接

难点：有效地址的计算及网络地址的理解

实例：在网络规划中为了降低内部网络流量和隐藏网络的复杂性才会涉及子网的设计，如在某网络中涉及到终端数涉及比较多的终端时或多个部门可以考虑通过划分子网来对内网中的IP分配做管理规划。例如：一网络中涉及四个部门，分别有50台PC，按要求给划分为四个子网以方便网络行为管理。可以参考：

1、采用C类网段，192.168.1.0

2、默认按24位网络位，8位主机位有一个网段，有254个有效主机，按照主机位越小有效主机数越少，子网越多。再借一位主机位，则分为两个子网，第一个字网为192.168.1.0 （网络地址为192.168.1.0，掩码为255.255.255.128、广播地址为：192.168.1.127、有效主机地址为：192.168.1.1-192.168.1.126）、第二个子网为192.168.1.128  （网络地址为192.168.1.128，掩码为255.255.255.128、广播地址为：192.168.1.255、有效主机地址为：192.168.1.129-192.168.1.254）；借两位主机位，则分为四个子网，即192.168.1.0、
192.168.1.64、192.168.1.128、192.168.1.192 每子网有主机数62个、掩码为255.255.225.192 。

3、根据前边推算，则实施时给每部门按以下方式设置IP

a、192.168.1.1-192.168.1.62   b、192.168.1.65-192.168.1.126

c、192.168.1.129-192.168.1.190  d、192.168.1.193-192.168.1.254

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